Implant training programs: program tables

Program table, 2026

Every program found for the seven countries, with the evidence level of each entry. The last two columns show whether the program is counted in Figure 1 of the paper and as full-time or part-time.

Country	Institution / provider	Program	Category	Award	Duration and mode	Entry	Implant content and clinical requirement	Fee or cost	Status in 2026	Evidence	Source / note	In Figure 1 (dedicated implant program)	Mode counted in Figure 1
Saudi Arabia	SCFHS; Riyadh First Health Cluster (King Saud Medical City)	Saudi Fellowship in Implant Dentistry (fine sub-specialty; program "Dental Implant")	Dedicated implant program	Fellowship; consultant in implant dentistry; academic qualification entered in the SCFHS qualification table; no renewal (author)	2 years, full time (normal working hours, 8:00 to 16:00; author)	Saudi Board or equivalent in periodontics, OMFS, prosthodontics, restorative or family dentistry	About 2,700 h; minimum 30 cases (year 1) and 50 (year 2) by technique; written 100 MCQs and oral exam	not stated	Accredited 19 Aug 2025; valid 2026 to 2029; capacity 3 a year	P	SCFHS decision letter; curriculum. Level three sub-specialty; privileges forms treat a sub-specialty fellowship as the basis for additional privileges	Yes	Full-time
Saudi Arabia	Rowad Almaarefa (SCFHS accredited)	Clinical Training in Dental Implant Surgery and Prosthetic Restorations (SPP-20250004348)	Dedicated implant program	Certificate of competency (listed in the certificate of competency table of the SCFHS record, not the qualification table); no change of rank; renewed after an annual clinical requirement (author)	1 year, extendable to 2; part-time, individualised; attendance mandatory, in person (not online), any time and any city (author)	Licensed specialists/consultants; general dentists are not accepted	234 h (26 lectures, 88 pre-clinical, 120 clinical); five case types; OSCE; 80% per domain	SAR 70,000	Batch 1 began 1 Jan 2026; about 20 trainees	P	Accreditation letter, booklet, SCFHS submission	Yes	Part-time
Saudi Arabia	Riyadh Elm University	Higher Diploma in Implant Dentistry	Dedicated implant program	Diploma	Duration not stated in the REU handbook (the Study in Saudi listing says 1 year, full time)	BDS, internship, SCFHS classification, interview	Syllabus listed in the table of contents of the handbook; its text was not readable in the file pages loaded	SAR 80,000 (registration SAR 500)	Listed in the REU Handbook for Postgraduate Studies 2025-2026 (updated 25 Jan 2026)	P/S	REU Handbook for Postgraduate Studies 2025-2026	Yes	Full-time
Saudi Arabia	SCFHS (many centres)	Saudi Board in Periodontics	Specialty program with implant content	Board certificate	4 years, full time	Saudi Board matching	Surgical part: competency matrix by year; no implant count; Implants paper in final exam	not stated	Active	P	SCFHS curriculum 2025	No
Saudi Arabia	SCFHS (many centres)	Saudi Board in Prosthodontics	Specialty program with implant content	Board certificate	3 to 4 years, full time	Matching	Prosthetic part: 1 comprehensive fixed implant-supported case	not stated	Active	P	SCFHS curriculum 2025	No
Saudi Arabia	SCFHS (17 centres)	Saudi Board in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery	Specialty program with implant content	Board certificate	5 years, full time	Matching	Surgical part: 10 pre-prosthetic and implant cases as surgeon	not stated	Active	P	SCFHS curriculum 2020 text	No
Saudi Arabia	SCFHS	Saudi Board in Restorative Dentistry	Specialty program with implant content	Board certificate	3 years, full time	Matching	At least 1 anterior implant case; 15 logbook implant procedures	not stated	Active	P	SCFHS curriculum 2025	No
Saudi Arabia	SCFHS	Saudi Diploma in Advanced Education in General Dentistry	Specialty program with implant content	Diploma	not extracted	Matching	Second-year implant course, basic surgery	not stated	Active	P	SCFHS curriculum 2025	No
Saudi Arabia	SCFHS	Saudi Board in Family Dentistry	Specialty program with implant content	Board certificate	not extracted	Matching	Planning and complications only	not stated	Active	P	SCFHS curriculum 2025	No
Saudi Arabia	King Khalid University	Fellowship in Periodontics	Specialty program with implant content	University fellowship	4 years, full time, 163 credits	BDS, internship, licence, TOEFL	Implantology 1 and 2; advanced implant surgery	not stated	Active	P	KKU brochure, May 2026	No
Saudi Arabia	King Khalid University	Fellowship in Advanced Prosthodontics	Specialty program with implant content	University fellowship	3 years, full time, 126 credits	as above	Implantology 1, 2 and seminar; implant-supported restorations	not stated	Active	P	KKU brochure, May 2026	No
Saudi Arabia	Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University	Fellowship in periodontal disease, surgery and dental implants; Fellowship in Prosthodontics	Specialty program with implant content	University fellowship	Minimum 4 years, full time	BDS, GPA, internship, licence, TOEFL	Implant placement objective (periodontal fellowship); prostheses with or without implants	SAR 200,000 (periodontal fellowship)	Active (1446 AH)	P	IAU pages	No
Saudi Arabia	King Abdulaziz University	MSc in Periodontics; Prosthodontics; OMFS; Operative and Esthetic Dentistry	University degree or diploma	MSc	3 years	BDS, licence	Periodontics MSc names implant dentistry; others not stated	not stated	Active	P/S	KAU programs page	No
Saudi Arabia	King Saud University	MSc in Dentistry (7 tracks); PhD; planned implant fellowship	University degree or diploma	MSc, PhD	MSc 3 years	BDS	not stated; implant fellowship announced as planned	SAR 260,000 (MSc)	Active; fellowship not running	P	KSU page	No
Saudi Arabia	Jouf University	MSc in Prosthetic Dental Sciences	University degree or diploma	MSc	3 years, 46 credits	BDS, licence exam, IELTS	Dental Implantology course, 1 credit, prosthetic emphasis	not stated	Active	P	Jouf page	No
Saudi Arabia	Ibn Sina College	Masters in Restorative, Family Dentistry, Periodontics	University degree or diploma	Master's	not stated	BDS, SCFHS classification	Implants not mentioned	not stated	Active	P	College page	No
United Arab Emirates	Gulf Medical University (NIHS accredited)	Clinical Certificate in Dental Implantology	Dedicated implant program	Clinical certificate	1 year, full time	BDS/DDS; 3 years of experience after internship	1,280 h (256 didactic, 1,024 clinical); at least 30 implants on 10 patients	AED 115,500	Offered; admissions for September 2026	P	GMU page	Yes	Full-time
United Arab Emirates	University of Sharjah with CAPP (NIHS accredited, ref. NIHS/122/2026)	Clinical Certificate in Dental Implantology	Dedicated implant program	Clinical certificate	1 year; orientation 11 Sept 2026; 24 places	Dentists (interview)	At least 30 live implant placements and full restorations under direct supervision; stated to meet the UAE privilege requirements	all-inclusive fee (amount not read)	Offered 2026	S	CAPP and provider pages via search	Yes	Full-time
United Arab Emirates	Maktoum Bin Hamdan Dental University College	MSc in Oral Surgery with Implant in Dentistry	University degree or diploma	MSc	3 years	not read	not read	not read	Offered	S	Search summary	No
United Arab Emirates	Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (MBRU)	Postgraduate prosthodontics (3-year clinical program)	Specialty program with implant content	Specialty program	3 years	not read	Implant restoration within prosthodontics; no implant-specific program found	not read	Offered	S	Search summary	No
USA	Loma Linda University	Advanced Education in Implant Dentistry	Dedicated implant program	First professional certificate; optional MS/MSD	36 months, full time; start 6 July; deadline 1 Sept	DDS or equivalent (general dentists eligible; no specialty required); national board exam; English test	Basic and advanced implant surgery and implant-supported prosthodontics; 64 clinical units; no case count; ABOI/ID oral exam eligibility; tuition $94,216 a year	$94,216 per year	Offered; deadline 1 Sept 2026	P	ADEA PASS page; LLU catalogue; LLU program page (read 21 Oct 2026). LLU reports the first such program in 1976	Yes	Full-time
USA	Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine	Implant Dentistry Fellowship	Dedicated implant program	Fellowship	12 to 24 months; start 1 July; deadline 1 Dec	INBDE; TOEFL if needed; considers non-CODA graduates	One-year track surgical skills (flap, bone and soft tissue grafting, socket preservation); two-year track adds advanced surgery and restorations; no case count	not listed; no stipend	Offered	P	ADEA PASS page	Yes	Full-time
USA	University of Rochester, Eastman Institute for Oral Health	Gerald N. Graser Surgical Implant Fellowship	Dedicated implant program	Advanced certificate (New York State)	12 months; start 17 June; deadline 1 Oct; 1 position	US citizens or permanent residents; prosthodontic residency experience listed	Diagnosis, planning, surgical placement and maintenance, straightforward to complex; no case count	not listed; stipend for US/Canadian graduates	Offered	P	ADEA PASS page	Yes	Full-time
USA	Medical University of South Carolina	Digital Dentistry postdoctoral program (implant and digital emphasis)	Dedicated implant program	MSD in Digital Dentistry plus clinical certificate	24 months; 3 positions; deadline 1 Aug	National boards; TOEFL 90	Guided implant placement, digital planning, full-mouth rehabilitation; no case count	not listed	Offered	P	ADEA PASS page	Yes	Full-time
USA	Jacksonville University	Certification in Comprehensive Oral Implantology with MSD	Dedicated implant program	Certificate; MS in Dentistry	University page: 24 months; catalogue: 36 months; paid residency	DDS/DMD; national boards; state licence	Surgical, periodontal, prosthetic and maintenance; follows the AAID core curriculum; ABOI/ID exam eligibility; no case count read	tuition not included	Applications open for summer 2026	S	University pages via search (duration sources conflict)	Yes	Full-time
USA	Tufts University	Advanced Digital Prosthodontics and Implant Dentistry Fellowship	Dedicated implant program	Fellowship	1 year, full time	not read	not read	not read	Deadline 1 Oct 2026	P	Tufts program page: one year, full-time, tuition based, deadline 1 Oct 2026	Yes	Full-time
USA	NYU with Dental Best Practice (Netherlands)	Two-year implantology and oral rehabilitation program with Dental Best Practice (four weeks at NYU)	CE course / society credential	NYU certificate (not a degree)	2 years; start Sept 2027	Dentists already placing implants	Clinical training in the Netherlands	not read	Announced	S	Provider pages via search	No
USA	AAID MaxiCourses (for example the New York course with Englewood Health residency)	MaxiCourse, 300-hour implant program	CE course / society credential	Credential pathway (AAID Associate Fellow)	About one year; part-time	Dentists	300 hours lectures, workshops, live surgery	not read	Offered	S	Search summary	Yes	Part-time
USA	Advanced Education in General Dentistry and GPR programs (for example UCLA, Washington, Buffalo, Augusta, Texas A&M)	One-year AEGD/GPR certificates with implant content	Specialty program with implant content	Certificate	1 year	DDS	Restorative and implant dentistry; UCLA emphasises restorative and surgical implant dentistry; live placement not guaranteed (Northwest program)	varies	Offered	S	ADEA PASS and school pages via search	No
USA	CODA-accredited residencies	Periodontics, Prosthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery	Specialty program with implant content	Specialty certificate	3 to 6 years	DDS	Implant training within each specialty; CODA standards include implant instruction (NYU prosthodontics states this)	varies	Active	S	NYU and PubMed items	No
Canada	McGill University	Fellowship in Oral Implantology	Dedicated implant program	Certificate of fellowship	Part-time, 1 day a week, 1 Sept 2026 to 30 Apr 2027; 2 fellows a year	DDS/DMD, licence, basic implant course	Supervised clinical work; case numbers not read	CAD 15,000	Offered 2026 (deadline 31 July 2026 passed)	S	McGill page via search	Yes	Part-time
Canada	University of Toronto	Advanced Training Fellowship in Implant Dentistry	Dedicated implant program	Fellowship	1 year; deadline 30 Sept for an August start	Postgraduate specialty degree	Lectures, seminars, laboratory sessions and clinical practice in both surgical and prosthetic phases; six didactic modules; full clinical participation needs an Ontario licence; certificate does not confer specialty status	not read	Offered; limited openings	P	Program page read 21 Oct 2026	Yes	Full-time
Canada	University of Toronto (continuing dental education)	Implant Residency for practising dentists	CE course / society credential	CE (186 points)	16 days over about 11 months	Ontario-licensed dentists	Two supervised cases; meets RCDSO initial requirements	CAD 19,895	Not offered after 2024	P	Program page	No
Canada	Dalhousie, Manitoba, Laval and other universities	Periodontics specialty programs with implant surgery	Specialty program with implant content	Master or specialty certificate	3 years	DDS	Implant therapy within periodontics	varies	Active	S	Search summaries	No
United Kingdom	University College London (Eastman)	Implant Dentistry MSc (PGCert at year 1, PGDip at year 2)	University degree or diploma	MSc	3 years part-time, mixed mode; September 2026 start (applications closed 30 June 2026)	GDC registration, 1 year post-qualification experience; patients available	Clinical, academic, research; PGCert covers straightforward cases	UK £12,650 per year (2026/27)	Offered	S	UCL page via search (page returned 403)	Yes	Part-time
United Kingdom	University of Bristol	MSc Dental Implantology	University degree or diploma	MSc	3 years part-time (about 20 attendance days in each of years 1 and 2); 1 year full time for overseas students; next intake September 2027	BDS or GDC-registrable degree; 1 year of clinical experience; GDC registration for home and part-time students	Students treat their own implant patients provided by the program; Year 3 dissertation or clinical portfolio; patient numbers not stated	Home part-time £9,900 a year; bench fees £7,750; overseas full time £59,800	Offered; next entry 2027	P	Bristol page (read)	Yes	Part-time
United Kingdom	University of Lancashire	Clinical Implantology MSc	University degree or diploma	MSc	1 year, blended learning; September 2026	not read	Supervised patient treatment by consultants	not read	Offered	S	Search summary (page 403)	Yes	Part-time
United Kingdom	University of Salford with ICE Postgraduate Dental Institute	MSc/PGDip Dental Implantology	University degree or diploma	MSc, PGDip	MSc 3 years part-time; PGDip 18 to 24 months; September	GDC registration; 2 years of experience; indemnity; expression of interest first	Minimum four patients treated, mentor for first cases, live surgery theatre; e-portfolio, case discussions	£10,927 year 1 (2027/28), then £2,731 per 15 credits	Offered; entry September 2027	P	Salford page (read)	Yes	Part-time
United Kingdom	College of Medicine and Dentistry, Birmingham	MSc in Oral Implantology	University degree or diploma	MSc (exit PGCert/PGDip)	Part-time 3 years, blended; full time 15 months (no patient treatment); September 2027	BDS and dental regulator registration; references	Cadaver technique course 1 to 2 weeks per year; patients and implant numbers not stated	£11,000 a year without clinics; £14,500 with clinics	Offered	P	COMD page (read)	Yes	Part-time
United Kingdom	Aston University with Cambridge Academy of Dental Implantology	MSc in Advanced Dental Implantology	University degree or diploma	MSc	2 years part-time, blended	not read	not read	not read	Offered	S	Search summary	Yes	Part-time
United Kingdom	University of Brighton	Dental implant reconstructive surgery (PGDip, PGCert)	University degree or diploma	PGDip, PGCert	24 months part-time	not read	not read	not read	Offered	S	Search summary	Yes	Part-time
United Kingdom	University of Greater Manchester (Bolton)	MSc Prosthodontics and Implantology	University degree or diploma	MSc	2 years full time	not read	not read	not read	Listed	S	Listing only	Yes	Full-time
United Kingdom	VSS Academy with University of Portsmouth	MSc Clinical Implantology (two years)	University degree or diploma	MSc	Part-time (VSS Academy course page, read by the author)	not read	not read	not read	Offered	A	VSS Academy page supplied by the author (https://vssacademy.co.uk/courses/msc-clinical-implantology); the earlier listing of an MSc Advanced Implant Dentistry was subject to validation	Yes	Part-time
United Kingdom	Delta Dental Academy (private; EduQual Level 7)	Diploma in Implant Dentistry	CE course / society credential	Level 7 diploma (not a university award)	25 Sept 2026 to 27 Feb 2027	not read	not read	£10,000	Offered	S	Straumann listing	Yes	Part-time
United Kingdom	Newcastle University	Postgraduate Diploma in Clinical Implant Dentistry	University degree or diploma	PGDip (120 credits)	Part-time	Dentists, 1 year post-qualification	Straightforward cases per FGDP standards; patients treated by a named student	not read	Specification 2014-15; status to check	P	Programme specification; included in Figure 1 by the author's decision (2026 status not confirmed on the website)	Yes	Part-time
United Kingdom	College of General Dentistry (formerly FGDP(UK)) with RCS England	Diploma in Implant Dentistry	University degree or diploma	Diploma; Advanced Certificate	2 years part-time	GDC registered; enough patients	Four case reports by type; Type 4 cases for the advanced certificate; viva	not read	RCS page: no longer running at the College	P	RCS pages; included in Figure 1 by the author's decision (2026 status not confirmed on the website)	Yes	Part-time
Germany	Goethe University Frankfurt (Carolinum)	Master of Science in Oral Implantology	University degree or diploma	M.Sc.	2 years, modular; four visits of 7 to 11 days	dentists	not read	not read	Offered	S	Search summary	Yes	Part-time
Germany	University of Münster (IMC)	Master of Oral Medicine in Implantology	University degree or diploma	Master	4 semesters, blended	dentists	Web-based plus practical training	EUR 9,550 per semester	Offered	S	Search summary	Yes	Part-time
Germany	TU Dresden with International Medical College	M.Sc. in Implantology and Dental Surgery	University degree or diploma	M.Sc.	Part-time; study regulations dated 2 Feb 2026	dentists	not read	not read	Offered	S	Search summary	Yes	Part-time
Germany	Witten/Herdecke University	M.Sc. Implantology and Periodontology	University degree or diploma	M.Sc.	Part-time	dentists	not read	not read	Listed	S	Listing only	Yes	Part-time
Germany	University of Freiburg	M.Sc. Periodontology and Implant Therapy	University degree or diploma	M.Sc.	6 semesters, blended	dentists	106 graduates in 15 years (case study)	not read	Offered	P	Ratka-Krüger 2026	Yes	Part-time
Germany	University of Duisburg-Essen	Master Implantology and Dental Surgery	University degree or diploma	Master	3 semesters, part-time	dentists	not read	not read	Discontinued (enrolment to winter 2024/25)	S	Listing	No
Germany	DGI with APW	Curriculum Implantologie; certified implantologist; advanced implantologist (25 cases, 2 years, 100 implants); DGI expert	CE course / society credential	Curriculum certificate; society titles	About eight weekend modules for the curriculum	dentists	Live surgery demonstrations; one day of observation; advanced level: 25 cases presented in an exam	not read	Offered	S	Trade and journal articles (older); DGI rules to verify	Yes	Part-time
Austria	Danube Private University, Krems	M.Sc. Oral Surgery / Implantology	University degree or diploma	M.Sc.	4 semesters (80 ECTS), part-time (an earlier source said 6 semesters)	dentists	not read	not read	Offered	S	Trade report	Yes	Part-time
Switzerland	University of Zurich	Master of Advanced Studies in Oral Implantology	University degree or diploma	MAS	3 years, part-time	dentists	not read	CHF 30,000	Offered	S	Career portal	Yes	Part-time
Australia	University of Sydney	Graduate Diploma in Clinical Dentistry (Oral Implants)	University degree or diploma	Graduate diploma (48 credit points)	1.5 years part-time; runs every second year (2026 should be an intake year, unconfirmed)	Dental graduates	Eight units; mentored sessions (6 x 6 h units); case presentations; no case count	not read	Listed in 2025 handbook archive	P	Sydney handbook (2018 detail; 2025 archive)	Yes	Part-time
Australia	Charles Sturt University with ADA NSW	Graduate Diploma of Dental Implantology	University degree or diploma	Graduate diploma	18 months part-time; applications for 2027 open; next intake session 1 2027	AHPRA registration; 2 years of general practice; interview	Implant placement and restoration instruction; placement details not read	about A$43,500 (aggregator)	Offered	S	ADA NSW and guide listings	Yes	Part-time
Australia	University of Melbourne	Graduate Diploma in Clinical Dentistry (Implants)	University degree or diploma	Graduate diploma	2 years part-time (four semesters)	Dentistry degree	Substantial patient care	not read	Handbook (2024): discontinued	S	Handbook via search	No
Australia	gIDE with Straumann	Master Clinician Program in Implant Dentistry	CE course / society credential	Certificate or diploma (listings differ)	1 year; four classroom sessions plus online	dentists	Hands-on, case reviews	not read	Sessions in Melbourne and Sydney 2026	S	Straumann pages	Yes	Part-time
Germany	Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (University Medical Center)	Master Personalized Oral Implantology and Periodontology	University degree or diploma	Master (further education)	Part-time; hospitation in cooperating private practices	Dental degree (grade 3.0 or better), 1 year of professional experience, English B2	not read	not read	Offered	S	Study regulations via search	Yes	Part-time
Germany	DGI with Steinbeis University Berlin	DGI-affiliated master in implantology	University degree or diploma	Master	not read	dentists	not read	about EUR 25,000 (2015 article)	Status to check	S	Trade article 2015; not counted in Figure 1: not a dedicated implant program (author)	No
Switzerland	University of Bern	Master of Advanced Studies in Reconstructive Dentistry and Implantology	University degree or diploma	MAS	3 years; usually with a clinic assistant post	dentists aiming to specialise	not read	not read	Offered	S	Career portal	No
USA	New York University College of Dentistry	Liu Advanced Clinical Fellowship in Implant Dentistry	Dedicated implant program	Fellowship certificate of attendance (not a CODA-accredited postgraduate certificate)	2 years, full time, Monday to Friday 8:00 to 17:00; 80% clinical and 20% didactic; July 2027 to June 2029; 12 seats	Graduate of a dental school (US or foreign trained); diploma, transcript, personal statement, one recommendation	Restorative and surgical experience under close faculty supervision; publication of a scholarly article as lead author; eligible to apply for ICOI fellowship and diplomate status; no case count stated	see NYU tuition page	Offered; priority deadline 31 Jan 2027	P	NYU program page read 21 Oct 2026. A one-year NYU track for specialists was not found	Yes	Full-time
USA	NYU College of Dentistry, Linhart Continuing Education Program	Implantology: Surgical and Prosthetic Treatment	CE course / society credential	200 CE hours; meets ICOI fellowship requirement	1 year, part-time; one half-day session a week (35 sessions); September 2026 to June 2027	US-licensed dentists (patient treatment option); observation option for internationally trained dentists	Live patient treatment with one-on-one faculty supervision: extractions, grafting, implant placement and restoration; patients provided or brought by the trainee; no case count stated	$19,995 a year plus $950 registration	Offered	P	NYU program page read 21 Oct 2026	Yes	Part-time
Canada	University of Alberta, School of Dentistry (continuing dental education)	Alberta Implant Residency	CE course / society credential	Up to 124 CE credits	10 months, hybrid: online theory course plus a hands-on surgical course over five weekends; about 118.5 hours; 18 participants in the surgical part	DDS or DMD with an active licence; hands-on part also needs NDEB completion or equivalency and a letter of good standing	Prosthetic and surgical skills for general practitioners; two implants per patient donated by industry; no case count stated	$16,250 (as listed)	Offered; limited capacity	P	Program page read 21 Oct 2026	Yes	Part-time

Who may place implants, by country

Regulatory basis, who may place implants, required training and link to rank.

Country	Legal or regulatory basis	Who may place and restore implants	Required training (hours, cases, test)	Specialist exemptions or restrictions	Link to rank or licence category	Link to programs	Evidence	Source / note
Saudi Arabia	SCFHS licensing; Ministry of Health clinical privileges policy QPS-004-AAP V2 (approved 1 Jan 2026) and the dental privileges forms; privileges are granted by the employing institution's committee (SPP booklet)	General dentists: the privileges forms state that there is no additional privilege for the general dental practitioner, so implant practice is not open to them (regardless of competency, experience or accredited program). Only specialized dentists may practice, through additional privileges after an SCFHS-approved residency of at least two years in a specialty or sub-specialty that included surgical implant placement, or a sub-specialty fellowship. Development: open practice before the SCFHS was established in 1992; credit hours of training with a license endorsement; accredited full-time programs; in 2025 an accredited fellowship and a part-time flexible program.	Past (author): 300 h for both parts, 150 h for one, no patient treatment required; now: accredited program with supervised patient treatment (about 2 years of training on patients, author); Implant Dentistry licensure exam (200 MCQs; pass marks 65% registrar, 70% senior registrar)	Surgical part for periodontics and OMFS; prosthetic part for prosthodontics and restorative; any specialty with an accredited program (author)	Yes: rank-linked (registrar, senior registrar, consultant); the MOH policy itself bases privileges on qualifications, experience and competence	Fellowship (3 a year), SPP (about 20), university fellowships; the REU diploma	P (policy, forms)	MOH clinical privileges policy QPS-004-AAP V2; clinical dental privileges forms (MOH General Administration of Dentistry, 2026); Annex 12, edition 4 (file dated May 2022).
United Arab Emirates	Dubai Health Authority privilege (PI-01, 2021; CG-06 guideline 2025); Abu Dhabi DoH privileging standard; MOHAP; NIHS accredits programs	DHA-licensed general dentists and dental specialists (except dental radiologists) may apply for the implantology privilege	DHA: a recognised course of at least 12 months with at least 30 implants on multiple patients under 1:1 supervision, signed logbook, computer-based test; or a recognised specialty program that included surgical and prosthetic implant treatment. Abu Dhabi (secondary source): 30 implants on at least 10 patients	Advanced surgery (sinus lift, advanced grafting) only OMFS, oral surgeons and periodontists (DHA)	Licence categories general dentist and specialist; general dentists are eligible	NIHS-accredited one-year certificates (Gulf Medical University; University of Sharjah) prepare for the privilege	P (Dubai); S (Abu Dhabi)	DHA document read in full
USA	State dental practice acts and boards; no federal implant rule. National specialty commission lists 12 specialties without implant dentistry. ABOI/ID and AAID are voluntary private credentials. Oregon (OAR 818-012-0005(4)-(5), from 1 Jan 2024) is the only state with an implant-specific rule found; Texas relies on the standard of care; Washington and Florida statutes have none; Oklahoma unresolved; CA, IL, MA, OH not read.	Any state-licensed dentist within the state scope of practice. In Oregon, any dentist (specialist or general) after 56 hours of hands-on clinical implant course work; specialists may count residency training.	Oregon: 56 hours hands-on (treatment planning, case selection, complications, supervised surgical placement) with an AGD PACE, ADA CERP or CODA-approved provider, plus 7 hours of implant continuing education per renewal. Elsewhere no hours or case requirement; CODA standards require implant training in periodontics, OMFS, prosthodontics and AEGD/GPR without numbers. ABOI/ID and AAID credentials are voluntary (hour figures from page summaries).	Oregon: extra-oral bone harvest only by OMS residency graduates (or hospital privileges); other states none found. Oregon Board data: 82 implant cases investigated 2014-2017, 41% disciplined, equally distributed between specialists and general practitioners.	No rank system	Dedicated residencies (Loma Linda, open to DDS holders including general dentists; Boston University, Rochester, MUSC, Jacksonville); NYU two-year fellowship and one-year part-time program; fellowships; AEGD/GPR certificates	P (Oregon, Texas, CODA); S (others)	Oregon Board of Dentistry FAQ (read); TSBDE newsletter Aug 2025; CODA standards PDFs; NCRDSCB page.
Canada	Provincial dental regulators. Ontario RCDSO: 2013 guideline in force; draft Standard of Practice (August 2025). Other provinces not found	Any licensed dentist who meets the educational requirements and works within competence	Ontario draft: straightforward cases need 35 h for the phase practised and 14 h for the other phase, or 35 h each for both phases (70 h); complex cases need prior straightforward experience, high surgical or prosthodontic proficiency, and specialist-led courses with mentoring or supervision; records of training required; RCDSO does not approve courses	Registered specialists in OMFS, periodontics and prosthodontics with comprehensive implant training in an accredited specialty program are exempt from the hours	No rank system	McGill fellowship; Toronto 12-month fellowship (specialists); Alberta hybrid residency (general practitioners); short residencies	P (Ontario draft)	RCDSO draft read; the other provinces N
United Kingdom	General Dental Council: implants are an additional skill beyond the dental degree; work within training and competence; FGDP/College of General Dentistry Training Standards (2016) and mentoring guidelines (2022) used in fitness-to-practise reviews. Implantology is not on the 13-title specialist lists	Any GDC-registered dentist (general dentists included) after appropriate training	No statutory hours or cases; standards describe the training expected before treating patients; mentors need 250 implants and 70 h training (register entry); courses: 4 patients (Salford), clinical portfolio (Bristol), 4 case reports by type (diploma)	None for placement; specialist titles protected (not "implantologist")	No rank system	Part-time MSc/PGDip/PGCert programs (UCL, Bristol, Salford, Birmingham, Lancashire, Aston, Brighton), private diplomas	S/P	Kim and Stagnell 2018 (P); GDC pages not read (S)
Germany	Federal and state chamber rules; the Federal Constitutional Court (2001) allowed practice-focus titles in implantology; society titles (DGI, BDIZ EDI)	Every licensed dentist may place implants (consumer-information source); titles signal training	No statutory minimum found; practice-focus title evidence: curriculum certificate, about 3 years of implant practice, 200 implants or 70 cases (society and chamber sources, older); DGI tiers (certified: curriculum; advanced: 25 cases, 2 years, 100 implants; expert)	Specialist titles (for example oral surgery) separate	No rank system	Part-time master's (Frankfurt, Münster, Dresden, Freiburg, Krems, Zurich); DGI-APW curriculum	S	Older secondary sources; verify the chamber rules
Australia	Dental Board of Australia: scope of practice registration standard and guidelines (2020): practise only within education, training and competence; no implant-specific rule; implant dentistry is not among the 13 recognised specialties	Any registered dentist within competence	No hours or cases; university diplomas and society courses are voluntary	Specialists practise within their registered specialty	Registration division only	Sydney, Charles Sturt, (Melbourne discontinued), gIDE	P (specialty list); S (scope detail)	Board page read; scope guideline via summary

Central comparison table

Implant training in Saudi Arabia and international comparators (evidence level: P read in primary document; S summary or secondary; A author statement)

ID	Jurisdiction / body	Program or pathway	Award or status	Entry	Duration and mode	Hours (as published)	Clinical requirement model	Minimum required	Supervision ratio	Assessment	Surgical + prosthetic?	Link to licensing or privileging	Capacity / intake	Evidence level	Source and notes
K1	Saudi Arabia, SCFHS (accredited provider: Rowad)	Clinical Training in Dental Implant Surgery and Prosthetic Restorations (SPP-20250004348)	Certificate of Competency, listed in the certificate of competency table of the SCFHS record (not the qualification table); no change of rank or sub-specialty; renewed after an annual clinical requirement (author)	Licensed specialists/consultants (OMFS, periodontics, prosthodontics, restorative, family dentistry, advanced general dentistry) who are competent in either the surgical or the prosthetic part; CV, interview	1 year, extendable to 2; part-time, individualised plan	Lectures 26 h; pre-clinical 88 h; clinical 30 sessions x 4 h = 120 h; total 234 h	Case-type based: five cases covering the range of implant prostheses; number of implants per trainee varies with experience	Five case types: single-unit fixed, multi-unit fixed, removable, esthetic zone, full-arch (booklet); submission to SCFHS: at least one fixed and one removable case; monthly case presentation and journal club; portfolio	1:3 (one surgeon and one prosthodontist per session)	MCQ, simulated procedures, live-patient competency, OSCE; 80% required in each domain; remediation, dismissal after two failed reassessments	Yes (individual plan may focus on one part)	Certificate registered in the record; clinical privileges granted by the employer's committee (MOH policy: additional privileges need documented training and committee approval)	about 20 trainees (author)	P	Accreditation letter, SCFHS submission (17 Sep 2025), booklet (1 May 2026). Documents differ on some items.
K2	Saudi Arabia, SCFHS (Riyadh First Health Cluster; King Saud Medical City)	Saudi Fellowship in Implant Dentistry (SCFHS: fine sub-specialty, program "Dental Implant")	Fellowship certificate; graded Consultant in Implant Dentistry; academic qualification entered in the qualification table; no renewal (author)	Board or equivalent in periodontics, OMFS, prosthodontics, restorative dentistry or family dentistry	2 years, full time, normal working hours 8:00 to 16:00 (author); accredited 1 Jan 2026 to 31 Dec 2029	Didactic 324 h, case seminars 210 h, pre-clinical 30 h, clinical 2,150 h; about 2,700 h in all	Count and technique based	Year 1: 30 implant cases (5 single anterior, 5 single posterior, 5 bridge, 5 overdenture, 5 full-arch guided, 5 immediate); year 2: 50 cases by technique (GBR 8, soft tissue 4, internal sinus 10, external sinus 2, split ridge 4, chin graft 2, ramus graft 2, immediate placement 5, immediate loading 5, both 4, full mouth 2, guided 2)	not stated	4-monthly evaluation; written 100 MCQs (70%); oral on two treated cases (70%)	Yes	Sub-specialty accreditation by SCFHS; the privileges forms treat a sub-specialty fellowship as the basis for additional privileges	accredited capacity 3 per year, 6 in total; 2 enrolled (author)	P	SCFHS accreditation decision 19 Aug 2025; curriculum supplied by the author.
K3	Saudi Arabia, university (Riyadh Elm University)	Higher Diploma in Implant Dentistry	University diploma	BDS, internship, SCFHS classification, interview (listing)	1 year, full time, on campus (listing); a separate REU page says 2 years for Majmaah-linked diplomas	not found	not found	not found	not found	not found	Yes (listing)	SCFHS involvement	not found	S	Study in Saudi and youapply listings; REU pages show only an MSc in Dentistry.
K4	Saudi Arabia, SCFHS	Saudi Board in Periodontics	Board certificate (specialty)	Bachelor, internship, licence, matching	4 years, full time	not stated in hours	Competency matrix by year (D = direct supervision, I = independent)	No numeric minimum for implant placement; pre-clinical implant course on sheep jaws; final exam includes an Implants paper	not stated	Written, clinical, logbook, workplace assessments	Surgical only	SCFHS specialty classification	about 25 accredited centres	P	SCFHS curriculum (2025); author's copy.
K5	Saudi Arabia, SCFHS	Saudi Board in Prosthodontics	Board certificate (specialty)	as above	3 to 4 years, full time	not stated	Required case list	Case 4: comprehensive fixed implant-supported prosthesis (at least one full arch), 1 case; implant workshop day	not stated	Written, clinical, logbook	Prosthetic only	SCFHS specialty classification	many centres	P	SCFHS curriculum (2025).
K6	Saudi Arabia, SCFHS	Saudi Board in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery	Board certificate (specialty)	as above	5 years, full time	not stated	Logbook minimums	10 pre-prosthetic and implant cases as surgeon; 11-lecture block	not stated	Written, clinical, logbook	Surgical only	SCFHS specialty classification	17 centres	P	SCFHS curriculum (2020 text).
K7	Saudi Arabia, SCFHS	Saudi Board in Restorative Dentistry	Board certificate (specialty)	as above	3 years, full time	not stated	Logbook and case requirements	At least 1 anterior implant case among 15 comprehensive esthetic cases; 15 "implant fixture" logbook procedures (meaning unclear)	not stated	Written, clinical, logbook	Mainly prosthetic	SCFHS specialty classification	about 40 centres	P	SCFHS curriculum (2025).
K8	Saudi Arabia, SCFHS	Saudi Diploma in Advanced Education in General Dentistry	Diploma	as above	not extracted	not stated	Course with clinical component	Second-year Dental Implant course, basic surgical procedures; no numbers	not stated	Final and clinical exams	Basic surgical	SCFHS classification	9 cities	P	SCFHS curriculum (2022, Sep 2025).
K9	Saudi Arabia, SCFHS	Saudi Board in Family Dentistry	Board certificate	as above	not extracted	not stated	none	Planning and complications only	not stated	Written, clinical	Neither	SCFHS classification	16 centres	P	SCFHS curriculum (2025).
K10	Saudi Arabia, universities	University fellowships: KKU Periodontics (4 y) and Advanced Prosthodontics (3 y); IAU Periodontal disease, surgery and implants (4 y) and Prosthodontics (4 y)	University fellowship (mirrors the Board)	BDS, internship, licence, TOEFL, interview	3 to 4 years, full time	KKU 163 and 126 credit hours	Course based	KKU: Implantology 1 and 2 plus seminar; IAU: implant placement objective (periodontal fellowship); no case numbers	not stated	university exams, research project	Surgical (perio) or prosthetic (pros)	SCFHS-linked classification	few	P	KKU brochures (May 2026); IAU pages; IAU fee SAR 200,000.
K11	Saudi Arabia, universities	Master's: KAU (Periodontics, Prosthodontics, OMFS, Operative), KSU (7 tracks), Jouf (Prosthetic Dental Sciences), Ibn Sina (Restorative, Family, Periodontics)	MSc	BDS, licence, language test	3 years	Jouf 46 credits	Course based	Jouf: one implantology credit (prosthetic); others not stated	not stated	university	Mostly one part	-	few	P/S	University pages.
K12	Saudi Arabia, SCFHS (historical, author's account)	Credit hours of training in implant surgery and prosthetics, with a license endorsement for the surgical or the prosthetic part	License endorsement: "surgical part" or "prosthetic part"	courses from any provider	n/a	number of hours not stated in the paper	Hours only, no patient treatment required	none	n/a	n/a	either	License endorsement	n/a	A	Author's account of the history before accredited programs; no document cited in the paper.
I1	United Arab Emirates, Dubai Health Authority	Dental Implantology Privilege (PI-01 v3, 10 Aug 2021; revision due 10 Aug 2026; CG-06 guideline effective 1 Mar 2026)	Privilege added to the dental licence	General dentist or any dental specialist (except radiologists); either a DHA-recognised implantology course or a recognised postgraduate specialty program that included surgical and prosthetic implant treatment	Course: structured multi-module program of at least 12 months, with an academic dental institution	Not given as hours (12 months minimum)	Count based, with complexity categories	At least 30 implants per trainee on multiple patients of differing complexity in a signed logbook: single (anterior and posterior, upper and lower), multiple implants in a jaw (unilateral and bilateral), full arch; grafting and sinus lifting may be included	1:1 for the practical component	Computer-based test; logbook not older than 2 years; good-standing certificate	Yes (surgical and prosthetic)	Privilege required to practise; course completion alone is not enough; advanced surgery (sinus lift, advanced grafting) only OMFS, oral surgeons, periodontists	not stated	P	DHA document read in full.
I2	United Arab Emirates, Department of Health Abu Dhabi	Standard for Implantology Privileging (2013) and annex	Privilege granted by facility privileging committee as a list of procedures	Either an accredited postgraduate clinical implantology program, or a specialty/residency program with at least two implantology modules	Secondary sources: 18 months or 160 CPD hours	secondary: 160 CPD hours	Count based	Secondary source: 30 implants on at least 10 patients with countersigned logbook; criteria include training length, cases, complexity, proof of competency, facility, team	not found	not found	Yes	Privilege required	not stated	S	Official files would not open (certificate error); secondary sources only.
I3	United Kingdom, FGDP(UK) / Royal College of Surgeons of England	Diploma in Implant Dentistry (Advanced Certificate with two additional cases)	Diploma; Advanced Certificate	GDC-registered, licensed dentists practising with enough patients for the work-based components	Taught components over 2 years, part-time, work-based	not stated on the pages read	Case-type based portfolio	Four case reports (one each of Type 1 single or multiple tooth replacement in the esthetic zone, Type 2 multiple splinted units, Type 3 overdenture or fixed full arch, plus one of choice); Advanced: two Type 4 cases (ridge augmentation with autogenous bone and implants brought into function); signed clinical logbook with each case	not stated	Written assignments, practical exercises, case reports approved by tutors, 90-minute viva by two examiners on three cases plus unseen cases	Yes	Professional standard (GDC scope of practice and FGDP training standards); not a licence	cohort-based	P	RCS England pages and academic regulations (cohort 19, 2018). The RCS page states the diploma is no longer running at the College.
I4	United Kingdom, Newcastle University	Postgraduate Diploma in Clinical Implant Dentistry	PGDip (120 credits)	Dentists and teams with little or no implant experience, one year post-qualification	part-time	120 credits (theory 40; surgery 40; restoration 40)	Patients treated at the straightforward level (as defined by the FGDP standards); each patient planned, implanted and restored by a named student	Number not stated in the specification read	clinical supervisor per session	Written cases, oral exam, surgery assessment proforma	Yes	Professional standard	not stated	P	Programme specification 2014-15; check current.
I5	United Kingdom, review	Postgraduate implant education in the UK (2017 data): 8 master's, 8 diplomas, 2 certificates, 13 CPD courses	varies	GDC registration	master's 2.5 y; diploma 2 y; certificate 1 y; CPD 0.94 y; all part-time except 3 master's	CPD mean 81 h	Mentoring in 10 of 13 CPD courses	Supervised patients 1 to 50	not stated	varies	varies	FGDP TSID 2016 (15 standards)	cohorts 4 to 24 (4 courses)	P	Kim and Stagnell 2018, Int J Implant Dent 4:8.
I6	United Kingdom, Register of Implant Mentors	Entry requirements for implant mentors (faculty benchmark)	Register entry	At least 5 years in the technique; postgraduate implant qualification or a structured course of at least 70 h	n/a	course of at least 70 h	Mentor experience	At least 250 implants placed and/or restored (consensus figure), with anonymised logbook and invoices	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	P	Register webpage.
I7	Australia, University of Sydney	Graduate Diploma in Clinical Dentistry (Oral Implants)	Graduate diploma (48 credit points)	dental graduates aimed at general practice	1.5 years, part-time only	Mentored sessions: 4 units x 6 sessions of 4 to 6 h in private practice	Mentored sessions plus case portfolio	No number of cases or implants stated; clinical case presentations carry 80 to 90% of several units	mentor in practice	Case presentations, logbook (10%), viva, written exam	Yes	Professional (dental board registration)	bi-annual intake	P	2018 archived handbook.
I8	Hong Kong, University of Hong Kong	MSc in Implant Dentistry	MSc	BDS and at least one year of work experience	2 years full time or 4 years part time	Not stated on the page (a search result cites at least 1,100 contact hours)	Two clinical courses; simple to medium implant therapy with little or no augmentation	number not stated	not stated	Courses, dissertation	Yes	Specialist register has no implant specialty	not stated	P/S	HKU Faculty page.
I9	Singapore, National University of Singapore	Graduate Diploma in Dental Implantology	Graduate diploma	not read	not read	not read	Case based	A search snippet mentions ten cases	not read	not read	Yes	not read	not read	S	Official PDF returned 404; verify.
I10	United States, ABOI/ID and AAID (private certifying bodies)	Board certification (ABOI/ID); AAID Associate Fellow and Fellow credentials	Credentials, not a specialty	ABOI/ID: general dentists and specialists; AAID: licensed dentist	n/a	ABOI/ID (secondary): 670 CE hours, 300 in a continuum program; AAID Associate Fellow (secondary): 300 hours, 75 participatory; Fellow: 400 hours, 5 years	Examination based	ABOI/ID: written exam of 200 MCQs and an oral exam defending cases; AAID: written exam of 150 MCQs and an oral case exam on six standardised cases (read on AAID page); case counts for certification not found	n/a	as stated	Yes	None (advertising and credential recognition issue; the national specialty commission lists 12 specialties and none is implant dentistry)	n/a	P/S	NCRDSCB page (P); ABOI and AAID pages (P); hour figures from search summaries (S).
I11	United States, ADA-recognised specialties	Periodontics, Prosthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery residencies (CODA)	Specialty certificate	dental degree	residency, full time	n/a	Program standards	not extracted	n/a	n/a	Surgical or prosthetic by specialty	State dental boards	n/a	S	PubMed titles only (OMFS 2007, prosthodontics 2008 and 2010, periodontics 2017).
I12	Germany, DGI-APW	Curriculum Implantologie; title "Spezialist Implantologie"; Master of Science (Krems)	Curriculum certificate; practice-focus title	dentists	about eight weekend modules	not found	Modules with live surgery demonstrations and a day of observation	not found	not found	not found	Yes	Professional titles	about 5,000 completed by 2018	S	German trade and journal articles 2005 to 2018.
I13	Europe and Germany (Freiburg)	ADEE consensus papers 2009 and 2014; Freiburg blended-learning master's in periodontology and implant therapy	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	No standard; wide diversity from 1-2 day courses to master's	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	106 graduates in 15 years (Freiburg)	P	Abstracts read.
I14	United Arab Emirates, Gulf Medical University (accredited by the National Institute for Health Specialties)	Clinical Certificate in Dental Implantology	Clinical certificate	BDS/DDS/DMD recognised by the UAE Ministry of Education; at least 3 years of clinical experience after internship; English; BLS; ministry trainee evaluation letter; possible interview	1 year, full time	At least 1,280 contact hours: 256 didactic, 1,024 clinical and practical	Count based	At least 30 implant placements on 10 different patients (30 surgical cases)	not stated	Module quizzes and written exams (at least 60%); logbook evaluation (at least 70%); at least 80% attendance	Yes	Prepares for the DHA/MOH privilege (a course alone does not allow practice)	not stated; tuition AED 115,500 incl. VAT	P	GMU programme page (read).
I15	United Arab Emirates, Maktoum Bin Hamdan Dental University College	MSc in Oral Surgery with Implant in Dentistry	MSc	not read	3 years	not read	not read	not read	not read	not read	Surgical focus	not read	not read	S	Search summary only.
I16	United States, Loma Linda University	Advanced Education in Implant Dentistry (post-DDS certificate; optional MS or MSD)	First professional certificate; optional MS/MSD	DDS or equivalent; GPA 3.0; three recommendations; English test; national board parts for US graduates; no specialty qualification required, so general dentists are eligible	36 months, full time in residence	Clinical courses total 64 units; clinic minimums of 120 h per quarter (clinical practice), 60 h (periodontics in implant dentistry), 60 h (prosthodontics in implant dentistry); didactic 156 units	Hours-based clinical courses	No implant or case number stated on the catalogue pages	not stated	University assessments; graduates may challenge the ABOI/ID oral exam in the final year and may qualify as AAID Associate Fellows	Yes (both phases)	No licence link; credentials are voluntary	not stated; tuition $94,216 per year	P	Loma Linda catalogue and programme pages (read). LLU program page read 21 Oct 2026.
I17	Canada, Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario (regulator)	Draft Implant Dentistry Standard of Practice (August 2025; the 2013 guideline is current until adopted)	Regulatory standard (draft)	All dentists; registered specialists in OMFS, periodontics and prosthodontics who had comprehensive implant training in an accredited specialty program are exempt from the education requirements and need only continuing education	n/a	Straightforward cases: 35 h for the practised phase and 14 h for the other phase; both phases: 35 h each (70 h in all); complex cases need prior competence in straightforward cases and specialist-led courses and mentoring or clinical supervision	Hours by phase and complexity	No case numbers in the draft; records of courses, mentoring and supervision required	n/a	Course criteria and learning outcomes in appendices; RCDSO does not approve courses	Phase-based: surgical, prosthetic or both	Regulatory standard (professional misconduct if not trained)	n/a	P	RCDSO draft standard (read). Closest parallel to the Saudi hours-based licence era and to the specialty-exempt model.
I18	Canada, University of Toronto	Continuing education Implant Residency for practising dentists (2024; no longer offered)	CE course (186 CE points)	Ontario-licensed dentists	16 days in eight two-day blocks over about 11 months	16 days	Own patients treated under faculty supervision	Two cases	faculty supervision	No formal assessment described	Yes (limited)	Meets the initial RCDSO educational requirements	not stated; fee CAD 19,895	P	Programme page (read).
I19	United Kingdom, College of General Dentistry (formerly FGDP(UK))	Training Standards in Implant Dentistry (2016, 15 standards) and Mentoring in Implant Dentistry good practice guidelines (2022)	Professional standards	dentists	n/a	Register of mentors: course of at least 70 h	Mentored practice with work-based assessments	No case count in the mentoring guidelines; mentor must have 250 implants (register)	mentor	Case-based discussion, direct observation of procedural skills, clinical evaluation exercise	Yes	Used in GDC fitness-to-practise reviews	n/a	P/S	College pages (read); full text of the 2016 standards not yet read (link redirected).
I20	Germany, universities	Part-time master's programs: Goethe University Frankfurt M.Sc. in Oral Implantology (2 years, four visits of 7 to 11 days); Danube University Krems (6 semesters, Austria); University of Zurich MAS (3 years, CHF 30,000); Münster Master of Oral Medicine in Implantology	Master's degrees	dentists	2 to 3 years, part-time	not read	Modular with clinical components	not read	not read	not read	Yes	Titles and professional status only	not read	S	Search summaries; verify on the university pages (the Frankfurt page did not load).
I21	United States, New York University College of Dentistry	Liu Advanced Clinical Fellowship in Implant Dentistry	Fellowship certificate of attendance (not CODA-accredited)	Graduate of a dental school, US or foreign trained	2 years, full time (Monday to Friday, 80% clinical)	not stated	Supervised clinical work; no case count stated	no minimum stated	close faculty supervision (ratio not stated)	Scholarly article as lead author required	Yes (restorative and surgical)	No licence link; some states may allow graduates to apply for a licence	12 seats	P	Program page read 21 Oct 2026. No one-year specialist track found.
I22	United States, NYU Linhart Continuing Education Program	Implantology: Surgical and Prosthetic Treatment	200 CE hours	US-licensed dentists (observation for international dentists)	1 year, part-time, 35 half-day sessions	200 CE hours	Live patient treatment with mentorship	no case count stated	one-on-one faculty supervision	not stated	Yes	None (CE course; meets ICOI fellowship requirement)	four weekly sections	P	Program page read 21 Oct 2026; tuition $19,995 a year.
I23	Canada, University of Toronto	Advanced Training Fellowship in Implant Dentistry	Certificate of completion; does not confer specialty status	Dentists with postgraduate specialty degrees; Ontario licence for clinical participation	12 months	six didactic modules plus clinical practice	Lectures, seminars, laboratory and clinical practice	not stated	not stated	not stated	Yes (both phases)	None	limited openings	P	Program page read 21 Oct 2026.
I24	Canada, University of Alberta	Alberta Implant Residency	Up to 124 CE credits	Licensed dentists (DDS or DMD); NDEB or equivalency for the hands-on part	10 months, hybrid; five hands-on weekends	about 118.5 h	Online theory plus supervised hands-on surgical and prosthetic sessions	two implants per patient donated by industry; no case count stated	not stated	not stated	Yes	None (CE)	18 in the surgical part	P	Program page read 21 Oct 2026; fee $16,250 as listed.

Three comparison points

Specialty status, who may practice, and link to rank, by jurisdiction.

Jurisdiction	1. Is implant dentistry a standalone specialty?	2. Who may practise implant dentistry?	3. Link to rank or licence category	Evidence level	Sources and notes
Saudi Arabia (SCFHS)	The SCFHS training list has no main specialty in implant dentistry; implant dentistry appears as a fine sub-specialty with a final exam and a final clinical exam, and the 2025 accreditation decision places the fellowship at level three with a Board or equivalent as entry. It is a sub-specialty by structure and a standalone program in content.	Phase 1: anyone with a licence, including after a manufacturer course. Phase 2: hours-based licence (300 h for both parts; 150 h for one part) with licence endorsement for the surgical or the prosthetic part. Phase 3 (author): perio and OMFS for the surgical part, prosthodontics and restorative for the prosthetic part, then any specialty that completes an accredited program with about 2 years of training on patients, tied to additional clinical privileges. SPP booklet: general dentists are not eligible; clinical privileges come from the employing institution's privileging committee.	General dentists: no additional privilege exists for the general dental practitioner (privileges forms), so they cannot practise implant dentistry, whatever their competency, experience or accredited program. Only specialized dentists may practise, through additional privileges after an SCFHS-approved residency of at least two years including surgical implant placement, or a sub-specialty fellowship. The licensure exam blueprint gives pass marks of 65% for registrars and 70% for senior registrars.	P for the list, decision letter, blueprints, MOH policy and privileges forms	SCFHS training list; accreditation decision 19 Aug 2025; Saudi Fellowship exam blueprint; Implant Dentistry licensure exam blueprint; SPP booklet; MOH clinical privileges policy QPS-004-AAP V2 (2026); clinical dental privileges forms; Annex 12 edition 4.
United Arab Emirates, Dubai (DHA) and postgraduate programs	No implant specialty in the DHA documents; implantology is a privilege added to a licence. UAE postgraduate implant programs exist: Gulf Medical University one-year Clinical Certificate (1,280 contact hours; at least 30 implants on 10 patients; accredited by NIHS); MBHDUC MSc in Oral Surgery with Implant (3 years; summary only).	Any DHA-licensed general dentist or dental specialist (except dental radiologists) may apply for the privilege through a recognised course or a specialty program that included surgical and prosthetic implant treatment. Only oral surgeons, OMFS and periodontists may perform advanced surgery such as sinus lift and advanced grafting.	Licence categories are general dentist and specialist; general dentists are eligible (a difference from Saudi Arabia). No separate rank rule.	P	DHA PI-01 v3 (2021) read in full; GMU page read; CG-06 (2025) refers to privileged dentists.
United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi (DoH)	No implant specialty found; privilege-based.	Qualification by an accredited postgraduate clinical implantology program or a specialty/residency program with at least two implantology modules; privilege granted by the facility committee as a list of procedures; advanced surgery restricted to oral surgeons and periodontists (secondary source).	Not found.	S	Official DoH files would not open (certificate error); secondary sources.
Qatar (QCHP)	Approved dental specialties include Oral Surgery, OMFS, Prosthodontics, Periodontics, Restorative; no implant specialty found.	Approval of privileges is required before performing dental surgical privileges (2015 circular). A secondary source says licensed general dentists and specialists may apply for an implantology privilege and that advanced surgery is restricted.	Licence as specialist or general dentist depends on the recognised degree; non-core privileges can be requested.	S	QCHP circulars (2015, 2021) as summarised in search results; a 2022 blog for the privilege details.
United Kingdom (GDC)	Not a specialty. The GDC specialist lists hold 13 specialties and implantology is not among them; the titles "implantologist" and "implant dentist" are not protected.	Any GDC-registered dentist who has the training and works within competence. Implants are an additional skill; the FGDP(UK) Training Standards in Implant Dentistry are used by the GDC when investigating fitness to practise.	No rank or category linkage; specialist list status is separate from the right to place implants.	S/P	Kim and Stagnell 2018 (P); a commercial summary of the 2024 specialist list regulations (S); verify on the GDC site and legislation.gov.uk.
United States	Not a specialty: the National Commission lists 12 recognised specialties and implant dentistry is not among them. ABOI/ID (board) and AAID credentials are private certifications. A dedicated 3-year residency exists (Loma Linda, open to any DDS holder, so to general dentists); NYU offers a two-year full-time fellowship and a one-year part-time program.	Any state-licensed dentist; state dental boards govern scope and advertising of credentials. Specialty residencies in periodontics, OMFS and prosthodontics carry implant training.	No rank system; credentials are voluntary.	P	NCRDSCB page (P); Loma Linda pages (P); ABOI and AAID pages (P/S).
Canada (Ontario regulator RCDSO)	Not a specialty: the Canadian Dental Association page (via a search summary) lists ten nationally recognised specialties and implant dentistry is not among them.	Any licensed dentist who meets the educational requirements. The draft standard (August 2025) sets hours by phase (35 h for the phase practised and 14 h for the other; 70 h for both) for straightforward cases, and extra training and mentoring for complex cases. Registered specialists in OMFS, periodontics and prosthodontics who had comprehensive implant training in an accredited specialty program are exempt from the hours. Dedicated programs: University of Toronto 12-month fellowship (specialists) and University of Alberta hybrid residency (general practitioners).	Specialist status gives an exemption; no registrar-type ranks. The standard separates surgical and prosthetic phases and straightforward and complex levels, which resembles the Saudi phase-based history.	P	RCDSO draft standard (read); CDA list via search summary.
Australia	Not a specialty: the Dental Board lists 13 recognised specialties; implant dentistry is not on the list (page read).	Any registered dentist within scope of practice and competence; specialist registrants practise within their specialty; no implant-specific credential in the Board's page.	Registration category only (general or specialist).	P	Dental Board of Australia specialist registration page.
Singapore	Not a specialty: the Dental Specialists Accreditation Board lists eight specialties and implantology is not among them; a Graduate Diploma in Dental Implantology exists as a qualification.	Any registered dentist; only registered specialists may use specialist titles.	Specialist register only.	P	DSAB recognised-specialties page (read).
Hong Kong	Not a specialty in the Hospital Authority/Academy list: eight dental specialties (OMFS, orthodontics, paediatric, prosthodontics, periodontology, endodontics, family dentistry, community dentistry).	Any registered dentist; HKU MSc in Implant Dentistry is open to BDS holders with one year of experience.	Specialist register only.	S	HKAM register page via search results; Dental Council page not reached.
Japan	Moving toward recognition: the Japanese Society of Oral Implantology reports it is at a final stage in negotiations with the Japanese Dental Specialty Board for a specialist qualification that can be advertised; earlier materials say two implant societies had specialty or accredited sub-branch status (2018).	Any licensed dentist.	Not found.	S	Society pages (2026) via search; not confirmed on the Board site.
Germany	Not a specialty title for implantology: the practice-focus title (Tätigkeitsschwerpunkt Implantologie) was allowed by the Federal Constitutional Court in 2001; the specialist titles (Fachzahnarzt) cover other fields; "Spezialist Implantologie" is a professional-society title. Chamber rules not read.	Any licensed dentist; part-time master's degrees exist (Frankfurt, Krems, Zurich, Münster).	Not found.	S	Journal and trade articles (2003 to 2018); university summaries.
Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman	No implant specialty and, per the author, no postgraduate implant programs in the Gulf outside Saudi Arabia and the UAE (not verified).	Not found.	Not found.	N	Author's knowledge; no sources found.

Method and limits

Program tables, searched 20 October 2026. Countries: Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, USA, Canada, UK, Germany (with Austria and Switzerland), Australia.

Sources: SCFHS training list and accreditation documents; ADEA PASS (US advanced dental programs); university pages where they could be read; regulator pages (RCDSO, DHA, Dental Board of Australia, NCRDSCB); search-result summaries where a page could not be read (403 errors: UCL, Lancashire).

Evidence: P = read on the program or regulator page; S = search-result summary or aggregator, to verify on the institution page.

Gaps: UK programs at other universities (Edinburgh, Cardiff, King's, Manchester, Leeds were not found by search); US ADEA PASS finder did not load fully (other implant programs may exist); Canada outside Ontario, Quebec and BC regulators; Germany chambers; Australian universities beyond four; short manufacturer courses not systematically counted; entries dated 2026 may change.

Next steps for a complete program list: ADEA PASS finder export; UKCAT/Find a Masters export for the UK; Hochschulkompass for Germany; Australian course search; second reader to verify a sample (10 to 20%).